home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=94TT0299>
- <title>
- Mar. 14, 1994: The Arts & Media:Music
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Mar. 14, 1994 How Man Began
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE ARTS & MEDIA, Page 100
- Music
- The Sound Of Russian Fury
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Against all odds, the spiky, eclectic music of Alfred Schnittke
- is enthralling--and terrifying--audiences worldwide
- </p>
- <p>By Michael Walsh--Reported by Daniel S. Levy/New York
- </p>
- <p> There is something so tenebrous, so portentous, so downright
- antagonistic about Alfred Schnittke's music that it is almost
- a wonder anybody either performs it or listens to it. In Schnittke's
- dark, Russo-Germanic artistic universe, strings do not soar,
- they brood; woodwinds do not chirp, they protest; brass does
- not shine, it glowers. Created in the caldron of Central Europe,
- his music speaks of epic battles and terrible defeats; it is
- Kutuzov and Napoleon at Borodino, Von Paulus at Stalingrad.
- Why, then, is it suddenly so popular?
- </p>
- <p> Not, of course, popular in the Michael Jackson sense; you won't
- see the Concerto Grosso No. 4 turning up on MTV. But no living
- composer of so-called serious music exerts so much hold on the
- imagination and loyalty of his interpreters as does the reclusive
- Schnittke, 59. Performers from the old East bloc such as violinist
- Gidon Kremer, a fellow Soviet emigre, cellist-conductor Mstislav
- Rostropovich and conductor Kurt Masur have been championing
- his works for years. Now, it seems, the rest of the world is
- catching on.
- </p>
- <p> "His music reflects not only his own life, it reflects ideas
- about life and death, just as the greatest composers have always
- had," notes Masur, who has known Schnittke personally since
- 1974. Masur last month led the New York Philharmonic in the
- world premiere of Schnittke's spare, incantational Symphony
- No. 7, which the orchestra commissioned at Masur's insistence.
- </p>
- <p> That performance was part of a veritable Schnittke festival
- in the U.S. in recent weeks. Among the highlights: the American
- premiere of the composer's second piano sonata by pianist Boris
- Berman, the American debut of his Symphony No. 6 in Washington
- under Rostropovich's baton, and conductor Leon Botstein's North
- American premiere with the American Symphony Orchestra of Schnittke's
- Faust Cantata, an oratorio version of an opera in progress.
- Against all odds, Schnittke is among the most commissioned of
- living composers.
- </p>
- <p> Schnittke's rise to prominence is a tribute to his artistic
- integrity. His slight frame, perilous health (he has suffered
- two strokes and a heart attack) and diffident demeanor mask
- a revolutionary sensibility. As an iconoclast in a country of
- enforced artistic conformity, Schnittke represented for many
- of his Soviet countrymen a kind of artistic glasnost long before
- Gorbachev made it permissible. Stylistically unpredictable and
- resolutely uncompromising--there are no "Socialist Realist"
- elements in his music, no compositions celebrating factories
- at work or peasants at play--Schnittke's music is fundamentally
- deconstructive. It uses the past as raw material for the present,
- often referring to or quoting directly from Bach, Mozart and
- other Germanic composers and then tearing them apart in a destructive
- analytical frenzy that would have terrified Freud. "I attempt
- to compose symphonies," Schnittke wrote in a program note to
- his Third Symphony, "although it is clear to me that logically
- it is pointless."
- </p>
- <p> Born in the central Russian town of Engels, Schnittke, half
- Jewish and half German, had the misfortune to belong to two
- of the old Soviet Union's least favorite ethnic groups. But
- he was luckier than most; his father, a journalist of Russian-Jewish
- extraction who was born in Germany, was posted to Vienna in
- the mid-1940s. The family moved to Moscow in 1948, where the
- bilingual Alfred began his studies at the Moscow Conservatory.
- </p>
- <p> Schnittke has been a resident of Hamburg since 1990, but his
- music remains inseparable from his native milieu in its anxiety,
- its foreboding, its confusion and its fury. The cacophonous,
- almost pugnaciously eclectic First Symphony stunned Soviet audiences
- in 1974 with its melange of Gregorian chant, jazz, Baroque and
- Romantic references. The ominous Fifth Symphony (1988) is sufficiently
- Baroque in form that Schnittke also calls it his Concerto Grosso
- No. 4, although its content is stark, nearly tragic. And the
- 1992 opera, Life with an Idiot, is the most potent satiric Russian
- opera since Shostakovich's The Nose.
- </p>
- <p> The comparison with Shostakovich points up the reason for Schnittke's
- appeal. Like his great forebear, Schnittke has dealt with unremitting
- horror by creating an internal, personalized musical world in
- which salvation, though elusive, remains possible. Unlike Shostakovich,
- who was finally ground down by Stalinism and had to express
- his rebellion in a private musical code, Schnittke has lived
- to see the end of overt artistic oppression. Grim as his music
- can be, it is never hopeless; relentless as it sometimes is,
- it is never despondent. Schnittke's compositions are a challenge
- to modern Central European history, one man's potent protest
- against not only the ugly present but also the even uglier recent
- past. As the century staggers to a conclusion, Schnittke suddenly
- seems to speak for us all.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-